In this article, What are Basic Structure and Fundamentals of Java? is explained in detail.We will learn about the basic structure of Java program.This structure consists of
- Documentation Section.
- Package Statements.
- Class Definitions.
- Class with main() method definition.
Documentation Section
In this section we write description or information about the program.It is done in two ways.
- //Single -line comment
- /*......<<Multi line comment>>......*/
Ex:
Single line comment: // program to add two numbers.
Multi-line comment (From the Topic What are Basic Structure and Fundamentals of Java?)
/*
Java program to add two numbers.
Author:Java form admin.
Date created:13 sep, 2016.
Date modified:14 sep,2016.
company:Java form.
*/
Advantage
Comment in documentation section provides reference to the person who is reading your program.
Package Statements
This section allows the user to work with library files in a java program i.e., library classes and library methods.
This section is used in two ways. (From the Topic What are Basic Structure and Fundamentals of Java?)
- Importing packages.
- Creating packages.
Importing packages
Ex: import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
The above statements are same as that of "#include<stdio.h>" in c and c++.
Note:By default, all the Java programs are provided with "java.lang" package automatically this package contains "String class","System class".
Creating a package
This section allows us to create a new package in a java program.
Ex:package<<pkg-name>>;
Class Definitions (From the Topic What are Basic Structure and Fundamentals of Java?)
This section allows the user to define new classes in a program according to the requirement.
Ex:
1.class student
{---
--------
}
2.class A
{---
----
}
Class with main() method definition
In a java program, we write a single class which contains the main method.This class is used for execution when we run our program using the class name.
Ex:
class sample
{
public static void main(String args[])
{----
-----
-----
}
}
Fundamentals of Java
In this article, we will know about the fundamentals of Java,This include
- Java character set.
- Java tokens.
- Data types.
Java character set
Different characters which are used in writing a java program is represented by character set.
We have four types of character sets.
- Letters.
- Digits.
- Special characters.
- White spaces.
Letters: They include English alphabets both uppercase and lower case.
Ex: a-z, A-Z.
Java is case-sensitive language.
Digits: This includes all numeric digits.
Ex:0 to 9.
Special characters: These are used for a special purpose under special situations in a java program.
Ex: (,),!,@ for more characters go through the link
White Spaces: These characters represents different types of spaces used in a Java program especially for printing purpose. (From the Topic What are Basic Structure and Fundamentals of Java?)
\b-1 space back.
\t- horizontal space (5 spaces).
\v- vertical tab (This is not applicable to java).
\r- carriage return(takes cursor to begin).
\f- form feed(takes the cursor to next page,applicable for the printer, not for monitor devices).
\n- new line.
Continue to next topic Fundamentals of java and Java tokens.
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